The Sheahan Lab explores how biological systems function outside living cells. These cell-free systems use the molecular machinery of cells to read genetic information and produce proteins in a test tube, making them powerful tools for research, biotechnology, and rapid diagnostics.

One exciting application of this technology is the development of cell-free biosensors, which are portable tests that can rapidly detect environmental contaminants, disease biomarkers, viruses, and other important molecules without the need for specialized laboratory equipment. While these technologies show tremendous promise, most remain at the proof-of-concept stage because we do not fully understand the molecular processes that determine how they function.

Our research seeks to uncover the fundamental biological principles that govern gene expression in E. coli-based cell-free systems. By investigating how environmental conditions, genetic design, and the biochemical properties of these systems interact, we aim to develop predictive design rules that enable more reliable and robust cell-free technologies.

Ultimately, this work will advance our understanding of gene expression outside living cells while supporting the development of next-generation biosensors and other synthetic biology technologies, including cell-free biomanufacturing and genetic circuit design.

By applying these fundamental design principles, we also develop cell-free biosensors that address challenges relevant to New Brunswick and the Maritimes, with a focus on applications that benefit local communities, industries, and the environment.